We introduce a novel strategy to fabricate a bifunctional monolayer assembly of Co nanoparticles on a Si(111) surface via the covalent linkage of terminal functional groups between the Si surface and the nanoparticles. The Br-terminated Co nanoparticles that are assembled on the aminopropyl-terminated Si surface show an individual and random distribution over an entire surface. Furthermore, we have fabricated a selective patterned monolayer assembly of Co nanoparticles using a combination of microcontact printing and covalent linkage: the Br-terminated Co nanoparticles attached on only aminopropyl-terminated regions but not on the octadecyl-terminated regions that consist of nonfunctional alkyl groups.